In 1866, the tiny principality of Liechtenstein found itself in a peculiar situation during the Austro-Prussian War. The country’s army, consisting of just 80 men, was sent to guard an Alpine pass on behalf of their Austrian allies.
Upon returning to their capital, Vaduz, the Liechtenstein army marched home with 81 men – one more than they had set out with. This unexpected increase in their ranks sparked curiosity and amusement among Liechtensteiners. Various explanations emerged for this quirky occurrence, with one popular theory suggesting that an Austrian liaison officer had joined the contingent on their journey back.
The Liechtenstein army’s bloodless adventure in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 proved to be its final deployment.
In 1868, just two years after their return, the principality disbanded its military force, citing rising costs and unpopularity among the population.
This decision marked the beginning of Liechtenstein’s enduring policy of neutrality, which continues to this day.
The Austro-Prussian War and Liechtenstein
The Principality of Liechtenstein’s involvement in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 is a fascinating tale of a tiny nation caught up in a major European conflict. This episode highlights the unique position of small states in 19th-century power struggles.
Liechtenstein’s Role in 1866
Liechtenstein, a tiny principality nestled between Austria and Switzerland, found itself in an unusual position during the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. As a close ally of Austria, Liechtenstein felt compelled to contribute to the war effort despite its minuscule size and limited military capabilities.
The principality’s commitment to Austria was not merely symbolic.
Liechtenstein sent a contingent to guard the strategically important Brenner Pass between Austria and Italy. This decision showcased the nation’s loyalty to its powerful neighbor and its willingness to play a role in broader European affairs.
The Army of 80 and Its Journey
Liechtenstein’s contribution to the war effort was an army of 80 men. This small force, representing a significant portion of the principality’s male population, set out on a remarkable journey that would become the stuff of legend.
The Liechtenstein army marched to their assigned post with determination and a sense of duty.
While modest in the grand scheme of the war, the soldiers and their commanders took their mission seriously.
When the war ended on July 22, 1866, the Liechtenstein army began its march home.
Aftermath and the Disbanding of the Army
The return of Liechtenstein’s army from the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 marked a turning point in the principality’s military history. This small force, which had set out with 80 men, came back with an unexpected addition and faced significant changes in the following years.
Return to Vaduz and Lasting Peace
The Liechtenstein army’s return to Vaduz with 81 men became a quirky footnote in military history. The extra man was reportedly an Italian-speaking Austrian who had befriended the Liechtensteiners during their deployment.
This peaceful return reflected the army’s non-combat role in guarding an Alpine pass.
Upon arriving home, the soldiers were welcomed as heroes. Their bloodless campaign had preserved the principality’s autonomy without loss of life. This experience reinforced Liechtenstein’s commitment to neutrality and peace.
The Liaison with Austria and Disbandment
Following the war, Liechtenstein maintained a cordial relationship with Austria. An Austrian liaison officer remained with the Liechtenstein forces, symbolizing the continued alliance between the two nations.
However, the cost and unpopularity of maintaining an army led to significant changes.
On February 12, 1868, Liechtenstein officially disbanded its 80-man army. Financial considerations and a shift in public opinion drove this decision.
The disbandment coincided with Liechtenstein’s declaration of permanent neutrality. This policy has since defined the principality’s international stance, allowing it to focus on economic development rather than military pursuits.